Map Notes -- WELLER1.txt

	Map Notes

Dispatch 1863	NOTES from the WELLER'S MAP of HAMPSHIRE, 1858
FA2000.46	These notes are taken from two sheets, north and south electoral divisions of Hampshire, by Edward Weller, 1858, plates 33 and 32 respectively from Cassell's British Atlas, published by Cassell, Petter and Galpin, La Belle Sauvage Yard, Ludgate Hill, London, 1864-67, earlier published in parts and as an atlas by the Weekly Dispatch, 139 Fleet Street, London, 1858-63. The maps studied are in the Map Collection of Hampshire CC Museum Service, item HMCMS:FA2000.46.
	map type: HantsMap & Dispatch 1863
	The map sizes are: wxh, sheet = 49x34cm; wxh, map = 426x305mm.
	Map Features
title map maker publisher	printed lower left on the north sheet:- HAMPSHIRE (NORTH DIVISION) BY EDWD. WELLER F.R.G.S. and on the south sheet:- HAMPSHIRE (SOUTH DIVISION) BY EDWD. WELLER F.R.G.S. Printed bottom right on each sheet is:- LONDON. PUBLISHED BY CASSELL, PETTER & GALPIN, LA BELLE SAUVAGE YARD, LUDGATE HILL, E.C.
orientation up is N	The maps are printed with North at the top of the sheet.
scale line scale	Printed lower left on each sheet is a scale of:- British Statue Miles. marked 1..5 then 10 miles. The 10 miles = 85.4 mm gives a scale 1 to 188448. The map scale is about:- 1 to 190000 3 miles to 1 inch
lat and long scales	Printed in the borders of the maps are scales of latitude and longitude for a trapezoid, or more scientific projection. The north sheet scales are chequered in minutes, labelled at 5 minute intervals; the south sheet scales have no chequers or marks for minutes, but are just marked and labelled at 5 minute intervals. The bottom scale, north sheet, is labelled:- Longitude West of Greenwich From the longitude scales the:- longitude, Winchester = 1d 18.8m W in agreement with the label. The maps include from 0d 38m to 1d 58m W, from 50d 37m to 1d 23m N; the whole of Hampshire including the Christchurch area now Dorset, plus the Isle of Wight The two sheets sensibly include slightly different ranges of longitude.
sea area sea plain	The sea area is plain, some areas labelled, eg:- Christ Church Bay THE SOLENT SPITHEAD
coast line headlands harbours lighthouses	The coast line is unemphasised; foreshore areas are indicated by a dotted outline, with some channels marked. Some headlands are labelled, eg:- Hengistbury Head Stone Point Gilkicker Point On Hurst Spit there is a:- Light Ho. The larger harbours are labelled:- PORTSMOUTH HARBOUR Langston Harbour At Southampton there is a:- Dock
coastal defence castles fortifications	A number of the older coastal defence castles and more recent fortifications, and related installations, are noticed (in sequence):- Hurst Castle Calshot Castle Netley Castle Victoria Hospital Browndown Ft. [fortification at Gilkicker Point] Barracks Fort Monkton Haslar Hospital [fortifications around Gosport] Burrow ft [?fortifications around Priddys Hard] Magazine [N of Stamshaw] [Fortifications around the naval dockyard] [fortifications around Portsmouth] Southsea Cas. Lumps Fort Eastney Fort Cumberland Fort [imaginative fortifications!]
rivers ponds bridges ferries	Rivers are drawn by a double line with form lines, narrowing to a wiggly line tapering upstream. Some rivers are named, eg:- River Stour Beaulieu R. called the Exe in the descriptive text, and:- Anton or Test R. listed separately as chief rivers, and:- R. Rother All the county's main river systems are shown, with tributaries. A pond might be drawn in outline with shading, labelled, eg:- Fleet Pond There are some tiny ponds at the stream heads in Woolmer Forest. Alresford Pond is clearly marked, but the River Alre is not shown, and part of the Itchen is missing from about Ovington to the join of the Candovers Stream. Bridges are not much noticed, but see:- Bursledon Br. Boldre Bridge Various other bridges are implied by roads or railways crossing and interrupting streams. A ferry might be labelled, eg:- Ferry across from Hamble on the River Hamble.
relief hill hachuring	Some relief is indicated by hill hachuring. The information is lost, and adds to confusion, on these busy maps. Some hills are labelled, eg:- PORTS DOWN Toot Hill White Hill Owslehurst Down but these might not all have hachures. Hachuring might show the relationship of a road to a ridge very clearly, for example a hill track west of Over Wallop. A valley might be labelled, eg:- Long Valley west of Aldershot.
beacons	Beacons might be suggested by a hill name, eg:- Beacon Hill north west of Crondall. Popham Beacon Burley Beacon are labelled, but by this date could just be hill names. This raises another twist to whether labels on maps are names or descriptions, nominative or descriptive, which is not a clear distinction. Here the name of a beacon 'the beacon at [place]' has become the name of a hill.
woods forests trees vegetation	Woodland is indicated by groups of tree symbols with dotting to indicate rough ground. The wood or forests might be labelled, eg:- Alice Holt Wood WOOLMER FOREST labelled, with no trees, which is about right, and:- Laverstock Wood HAREWOOD FOREST Other rough ground might be indicated by dotting, and labelled, eg:- Yateley Heath Eversley Common Peat Moor all in the area of the:- Hartford Bridge Flats which is labelled alongside the London road.
parks	Parks are drawn in outline with dotted interior, and perhaps rides and a house, etc. They might be labelled by name or name of their great house, eg:- Hackwood Park Tilney Hall Rotherfield Ho. and Park
county	The county and division boundaries are dash dot lines, tinted for emphasis. The detached part of the county in West Sussex is shown, labelled:- Part of Hampshire On each sheet the other part of the county is labelled, thus, on the north sheet, the adjacent area to the south is labelled:- SOUTH DIVISION OF HAMPSHIRE Adjacent counties are labelled, eg:- SUSSEX Some settlements, main roads, railways, and perhaps rivers, are drawn outwith the bounds of each sheet for the sake of continuity. This includes, for example, Winchester added to the South Division sheet, and so on.
electoral data	Printed lower left on the north sheet is:- The North Division of Hampshire returns 2 Members of Parliament for the Division, 2 each for the Boroughs of Winchester & Andover & 1 for Petersfield. A corresponding summary is not given on the south sheet, which has a more detailed statement in descriptive text, qv.
settlements	Settlements are marked by groups of blocks and/or shaded and shadowed areas for built up areas in larger towns, with no real attempt to make a street plan. There might be a cross (+) for a church. Places are differentiated by style of lettering; (I think I have got the following notes right).
city town	group of blocks or shaded and shadowed areas; labelled in upright block caps, eg:- WINCHESTER LYMINGTON SOUTHAMPTON

town	group of blocks; labelled in italic block caps, eg:- ALTON STOCKBRIDGE

village	some blocks; labelled in upright lowercase text, eg:- Upper Wallop West Worldham

hamlet	a block or two; labelled in italic lowercase text, eg:- Middle Wallop Oakhanger This style of text is used generally for map features.

roads turnpike roads	Roads are drawn by double line, solid or dotted indicating fenced and unfenced edges. More important roads are drawn broader and have one line bold; probably indicating turnpike roads. Lesser roads are drawn narrower. A detailed network of roads is shown. Destinations outwith the county might be drawn; for example, the road from Winchester through Romsey is continued out of the county to Salisbury, which is marked by blocks and labelled. Roads are extended to the sheet edges, where they stop with no further clues. Road or junction names are few; notice:- Balls Corner by Alice Holt, and:- Brook Lane north of Warsash. South of Hursley, at a junction, is a:- Direction Post labelled, not drawn. Toll gates do not seem to be noticed, the turnpike system was out of use by this date?
canals	Canals are drawn by a fairly bold curvy line, labelled, eg:- Basingstoke Canal It is also possible to recognise the Andover canal, a small part of the Salisbury to Southampton Canal, perhaps the Itchen Navigation, and the Titchfield Canal.
railways	Railways are drawn by a double line with cross lines. Many lines are labelled, eg:- London and South Western Railway Gosport & Portsmouth Branch A black rectangle on the line marks a:- Statn.
miscellaneous	Like many maps these are littered with some incidental detail, places noticed, but not consistently surveyed and listed.
antiquities tumuli hillforts	Marked by a circle north east of Middle Wallop is a tumulus labelled:- Kent Barrow Marked only by hill hachuring but labelled for the hill and hillfort is:- Quarley F. & Hill Near Abbotts Ann is a double dotted circle, unlabelled, which is Bury Hill hillfort.
antiquities roman roads	Segments of roads lined up between Silchester and Old sarum are labelled:- Port Way / Roman Road The road east of Winchester is labelled:- Roman Road
inns	A number of inns are marked, or at least labelled, eg:- Red lion near Nately Scures, and:- Dean Gate Inn which might suggest an old toll gate, and:- Sun Inn north east of Popham Lane.
mills water mills windmills	A block by a river might mark a water mill, labelled:- Mill for instance, several around Romsey. The mill might be named, eg:- Lockerly Mill Holbury Mill further up the Test. There do not seem to be mill symbols. On a hill, nowhere near a stream (not a marked stream), is:- Sheer Hill Mill on the south end of Waltham Chase, which might be a windmill? At Bursledon is:- Burslean Mill which is a windmill.
brickworks	West of Hinton Ampner are:- Shorley Brick Kilns By Swanwick are several bits of label which it is not easy to put together, perhaps:- Swanwick / Brickland / Ho. The brickworks there are well known (now).
shipyards	On the Beaulieu River just below Beaulieu are:- Ship Yard Baileys Hard
race courses	On Worthy Down north of Winchester is a long dotted double oval:- Race Course and north of Lyndhurst, just a single oval. And west of Stockbridge no track at all, just:- Stockbridge Race Ground
monuments	Some monuments are noticed, for example:- Farley Monument Nelson's Monument Rufus Stone
army camps	On Aldershot Common are two areas of line of rectangular outlines, labelled:- North camp South Camp also notice the:- Queens Pavilion
pounds	Notice:- Hill Pound on Waltham Chase.
salterns	The Lymington salterns are not noticed, but elsewhere there are:- salterns labelled with no special symbol, as on the east shore of Hayling Island, and:- Bounds Saltern on Southampton Water near Fawley.
	Hampshire Towns
	All of the '21' towns of Hampshire are shown on the two sheets, named as follows:-

	Alton
	Andover
	Basingstoke
	Bishops Waltham
	Christ Church
	Fareham
	Fordingbridge
	Gosport
	Havant
	Kingsclere
	Lymington
	Alresford
	Odiham
	Petersfield
	Portsmouth
	Ringwood
	Romsey
	Southampton
	Stockbridge
	Whitchurch
	Winchester

	map type Dispatch 1863 -- menu of resources

	Descriptive text on map. -- WEL1TXT.txt
	source item -- HMCMS:FA2000.46 -- map

	list of map notes

	HantsMap Notes -- WELLER1.txt MN: 5.8.2003 last edit: 9.8.2003

NOTES from the WELLER'S MAP of HAMPSHIRE, 1858

Map Features

Hampshire Towns