Map Notes -- MORDEN4.txt

	Map Notes

Morden 1676	NOTES from MORDEN'S PLAYING CARD MAP of HAMPSHIRE, 1676
FA1991.14	These notes are made from a reproduction set of playing cards published by Harry Margary, Lympne, Kent, 1972. The pack of cards is rare: only one pack is thought to exist?
	map type: HantsMap & Morden 1676
	Robert Morden published a set of playing cards illustrating the counties of England and Wales in 1676. It is entered in the Term Catalogue for Easter:-
	The 52 Countries of England and Wales, described in a Pack of Cards ... by Robert Morden at the Atlas in Cornhill, Will. Berry at the Globe in the Strand, Robert Green in Budge Row, and George Minikin at the King's Head in S. Martin's
	It is suggested that, like similar packs on this and other subjects the cards were for instruction, education, rather than for serious use as playing cards. Morden's own words on the preliminary cards belie this idea. Card playing was considerd sinful by the Cromwellians and it is suggested that educational cards like these met with less disapproval.
	Introduction
	There is an introduction on a preliminary card:-
	The Explanation of these Cards.
	The four Suites are the 4 parts of England, the 13 Northern Counties are Clubs, the Western are Spades, the Eastern are Hearts, and the Southern are Diamonds, in each Card you have a Map of the County with the cheife Towns and Rivers, a Compas for the Bearings, and a Scale for Mensuration, there is also given the Length, Breadth, and Circumference of each County, the Latitude of the Cheife Citty or Towne, and its Distance form London. First the reputed and then the Measured Miles by Esqr. Ogilby with his leave we have Incerted. there is also the Road from London to each Citty or Towne, the great Roads are drawn with a double line, the other Roads a single line, as also the cheif Hills and other remarks The use of these cards are the same as with the Common Cards in all respects only useing the Numbers in these insted of the spots in the Other.
	The last remark reminds the user that the cards have no spots, but have at the top edge the suit shown by its usual symbol, and a roman number from I to X, or a vignette portrait of a common fellow, Queen Catherine of Braganza, and King Charles II.
	England and Wales
	Another preliminry card has
	A Mapp of England & Wales
	This is tiny; the scale line of 60 miles is 8.2mm long in the facsimile version, a scale of 1 to 13700000 (13738302). The counties are labelled with a letter or two; Hampshire is 'Ha'. The map manages to fit in a compass rose, scale line and royal coat of arms, and a caption:-
	The 52 Counties of England and Wales, Geographically described in a pack of Cards, whereunto is added ye Length, Breadth, & Circuit. of each County the Latitude Scituation and distance from London of ye principal Cities, Towns, and Rivers, with other Remarks as plaine and ready for the playing all our English Games, as any of ye Common Cards.
	HAMPSHIRE
	The card for Hampshire is the V of Diamonds. Remember that all these remarks, and the measurements, are made from the facsimile.
	MAP FEATURES
	NB: the features are illustrated off the later printing of the map as a sheet map, see below.
title plain cartouche	The map title is in a plain box at the top of the card together with a Diamond symbol and the roman figure V (5). Hant Sh: A box at the bottom has data about the county:- Length.__________________________66. Bredth.__________________________30. Circumference.___________________176. Southamp~: { D. from Lon.________60. 78. ___________{ Latitude.___________50. 56.
orientation compass rose up is N	There is a compass rose, a plain circle, lines for the four cardinal directions, a fleur de lys for north, and a cross for east.
scale line old english mile dividers	The scale line is 10 miles, chequered in miles; 10 miles =10.4mm gives a scale about 1 to 1547446 assuming a modern statute mile. Ie the map scale is about:- 1 to 1550000 24 miles to 1 inch. There is a pair of dividers above the scale line. Another estimate of scale can be made from town positions, comparing known town-town distances, using DISTAB.exe. The map scale is about:- 1 to 1800000 27.5 miles to 1 inch The map maker's mile is an:- Old English Mile = 1.15 staute miles but this is such a small map that this is not a good measure of the old english mile.
coast line coast shaded	The coast is shaded with horizontal lines with are carried into harbours and river mouths. Portsea Island and Hayling Island are (too) clearly marked.
rivers	Major rivers, not all, are shown by a solid wiggly line leading inland from the river mouth. None is named. The following are shewn:- Avon Test Wallop Itchin Hamble Meon Rother Hart ?
relief	none
woods	none
county	The county boundary is a dotted line. The contiguous counties are labelled, Pt. of Wilt etc. These labels appeared on the 2nd edition of the playing cards in 1676.
settlements	Settlements are mostly positioned by a circle, labelled in lowercase italic. Only the one city, Winchester, has more, a circle, tower with a cross, and a building, labelled in lowercase upright text.
roads	Roads are what makes this set of cards exciting; this is the first road map of Hampshire. The roads are pretty poor! They correspond in part to Ogilby routes, but only in part.
	SHEET MAP
	Morden's playing card map was printed as a sheet map at various dates in the late 17th and the 18th centuries. The following notes are taken from an example of this state of the map, from the 1785 atlas, in the Map Collection of Hampshire CC Museums Service, item HMCMS:FA1991.14.
	The 1680 atlas had two maps, one above the other on a page size about 6.5x15cm; two of our sheet would not fit on a page like this. The 1785 atlas had a page size about 6.5x9cm; on which our sheet would fit. The paper quality is a fine laid paper which also suggests the later date. The sheet map in the HMCMS collection is probably from:-
	: 1785 (about): Brief Description of England and Wales ...: Turpin, H (West Smithfield, London)
	MAP FEATURES
	NB: only differences from the playing card maps, described (and illustrated from this map) above, are noted below.
scale line scale	The scale line of 10 miles is chequered at one mile intervals, labelled at 5 and 10 and:- Miles The length is 10.3mm, assuming a statute mile the scale is 1 to 1562470, ie a map scale about:- 1 to 1600000 ? 25 miles to 1 inch whatever the miles might be. The sheet has been trimmed recently, perhaps by a map dealer? It is not possible to tell if the Hampshire map was alone on a sheet or accompanied by another map - but, the trimming might have been occasioned by separating two maps from one sheet. wxh, sheet = 6x8.5cm wxh, map = 56x58mm, excluding the top and bottom caption areas.
title plain cartouche	The title cartouche at the top is partly trimmed off. The title is:- Hant Sh: as before. The roman V for the card's count and the overprinted red diamond for its suit are absent. There is a figure:- 5 to the left of the title. Looking again at the reproduced playing card it is possible to see the tail of this 5 at the base of the diamond on the reproduction.
roads	Roads are what makes this map exciting; this is the first road map of Hampshire. The roads are pretty poor! They correspond in part to Ogilby routes, but are not a copy of those routes in Hampshire. Roads are marked with a double line or a single line, indicating their importance? Their engraving is inconfident, and could be judged to have been made at a late stage in map making; perhaps an afterthought; roads run through place names. The sheet map is clearer than the reproduced playing card (partly because of the 'antiquarian choice' of a mid/pale brown to print the reproduction, a Margary taste I do not share) so it is easier to list the roads, (an = for a double line, a - for a single; modern spellings):- (from Reading? Berkshire) = Basingstoke = Overton = (passing Whitchurch) Andover = (Wiltshire, towards Salisbury) (from Reading? Berkshire) - Alton (from Farnham? Surrey) = Alton = Alresford = (crosses a bridge into) Winchester = Southampton Winchester - Bishops Waltham Southampton - Romsey Southampton (across Southampton Water) - Ringwood Southampton (across Southampton Water) - Dibden - Lymington (Surrey) = Petersfield = Portchester Petersfield - (West Sussex, probably Chichester)
settlements	Only the city and towns are shown.
city	circle, building with tower and cross; labelled in upright lowercase:- Winchester

town village	On the playing cards these are positioned by a circle, labelled in italic lowercase. On the sheet map a building with tower is added to the ?more important places, the towns; this is often severly cramped by the existing place name engraving. Two extra places are added (t if tower and building added, x if extra):- Abotsham [Abbots Ann?] Alersford [New Alresford] Alton [t] Andover [t] Basingstoke [t] Bushwaltham [t] Calshot Caston [Easton] Christ Church [t] Debden Elinge Ellingham Fairleigh [Farley] Farham [t] Fordingbridg [t] Fowley Havant [tx] Hawkley Hound Husborne [Hurstbourne Priors] Kingsclere [t] Kingston [where ??] Lemington [t] Odiam [t] Overton Petersfeild [t] Porchester Portsmouth [t] Ringwood [t] Rumsey [t?] S Hampton [t] Silchester Stokbridg [t?] Swarwotton Whitchurch [tx] The two towns marked [x] are not on the playing card version.


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	HantsMap Notes -- MORDEN4.txt MN: 12.11.1998 last edit: 30.1.2001

NOTES from MORDEN'S PLAYING CARD MAP of HAMPSHIRE, 1676

Introduction

England and Wales

HAMPSHIRE

MAP FEATURES

SHEET MAP

MAP FEATURES