Map Notes -- TUNNI1.txt

	Map Notes

Tunnicliff 1791	NOTES from TUNNICLIFF'S MAP of HAMPSHIRE, 1791
FA1999.72.2	These notes are made from the map of Hampshire by William Tunnicliff, land surveyor, Salisbury, Wiltshire, 1791. The map is in the Map Collection of Hampshire CC Museums Service, item HMCMS:FA1999.72.2
	map type: HantsMap & Tunnicliff 1791
	The map is from a road book:-
	Topographical Survey of the Counties of Hants, Wilts, Dorset, Somerset, Devon, and Cornwall ... By WILLLIAM TUNNICLIFF, LAND-SURVEYOR. SALISBURY: ... M,DCC,XCI.
	MAP FEATURES
map maker title	Printed at lower left is:- A New Map of HAMPSHIRE, by Willm. Tunnicliff, Land Surveyor. 1791. The road book from which the map is taken gives his place of business as Salisbury, Wiltshire. No trace has yet been found of him in directories for that period in that area.
orientation north point	The map has a north point with a cross line. North is marked by a fleur de lys; the other cardinal points are labelled 'E', 'S', 'W'.
lat and long scales hours from Greenwich	There are latitude and longitude scales in the four borders of the map. They are chequered at 1 minute intervals, labelled at 10 minute intervals. The longitude scale is labelled:- West Longitude from Greenwich The scales are rectangular on the page.
scale line scale	There is a scale line of 10 miles chequered in miles, length 80.4mm. The scale calculated from this is about 1 to 200167; the map scale is about:- 1 to 200000 3 miles to 1 inch Another estimate of scale can be made from town positions, comparing known town-town distances using DISTAB.exe. The map scale is about:- 1 to 200000 3 miles to 1 inch
index grid	This map has no index grid. Calculations have been made to overlay the National Grid system on the map, see:-
	see:- TUN1NGR.txt
table of symbols	There is a table of symbols:- EXPLANATION which shows the signs for:- Market Towns Villages Gentlemen's seats Turnpike Roads Borders of the County Ditto of the Hundreds Parks Notice the useful distinction between great houses and villages.
sea area sea plain sandbanks	The sea is plain. South of the Isle of Wight is labelled:- ENGLISH CHANNEL The Solent is labelled:- THE INNER PASSAGE (ie The Solent) And other sea areas are:- CHRISTCHURCH BAY SOUTHAMPTON WATER A couple of sandbanks are marked north of Cowes.
coast line coast form lines harbours headlands	The coast is drawn with a bold line plus form lines which extend into harbours and river estuaries. Only a couple of harbours are labelled:- Portsmouth Harbour Langstone Harbour The only headland labelled is:- SPITHEAD
rivers	Rivers are hardly shown on the map. Estuaries of Stour and Avon, Test, Itchen, and Hamble are drawn but none are extended inland. The map is basically a route map, not intended as a topographical map, and perhaps by this late date rivers are of small concern. There is nothing for rivers in the table of symbols. Rivers elsewhere, eg on the north and east borders of the county are not drawn. Bridges seem to be taken for granted; or at least the feasibility of crossing rivers is. At various places a road is interupted by a river estuary, eg at Redbridge and at Christchurch. But, it seems to be assumed that this is not a barrier in the route.
relief hill hachuring	Some relief is shown by hill hachuring. For example, the downs near the Wiltshire border by Amesbury, and the long ridge of Portsdown. The relief shown is neither an overall guide to the shape of the county, nor a consistent guide to problems the traveller might meet.
beacons	A beacon? or something, is drawn at Farley Mount west of Winchester.
woods forests	Wood and forests are not shown except by some labelling, eg:- NEW FOREST FOREST OF EAST BERE
parks	Parks are shown by a ring of fence palings enclosing a pecked area. The great house within, a Gentleman's Seat, has its own symbol, a small square. Either house or park might be labelled, eg;- Husborne Park Iver Lodge A seat may not have a park drawn round it.
county	The county boundary is a dashed line. the contiguous counties are labelled, eg:- PART OF WILTSHIRE
hundreds	A hundred boundary is a dotted line; and each hundred is labelled, eg:- EVINGAR HUNDRED Pt. of Barton Stacey Hundred
settlements	Settlements are marked on the map within the county; plus a very few places outside, eg Salisbury. The symbols are graded for size of place.
city	buildings and tower; labelled in upright block caps, eg:- WINCHESTER

town	building and tower, ie a church symbol; labelled in lowercase upright text, eg:- Fordingbridge

village	circle; labelled in lowercase italic text, eg:- Worldham

house	A gentleman's seat has its own symbol, a square. This is used with or without a park fence. Places on or by a road are included. It is possible for a seat and a village to share a label, for example at Gruell (Greywell).

roads turnpike roads	According to the table of symbols the roads shown are turnpike roads. They are drawn with a double line. Some care is taken by the engraver to draw road junctions clearly. The destination of roads leaving the county is usually labelled, eg:- to London from Devizes 'to' and 'from' do not seem to be used in a significant way? The labelling is missed in places, for example the road going to Chichester from Havant. Near Farnham none of the roads to it are labelled, but it is quite obvious where they point.
	Route diagram
	see:- TUN1RTE.txt

antiquities roman roads	Some roman roads are shown, labelled:- Port Way Icknield Way Roman Way The last is that west from Winchester; the usage of capital letters at this period does not allow the assumption that this is a road name.
canals	Two canals are drawn, by a bold curvy line, labelled:- Canal to the River Wey Canal for the Basingstoke Canal which has its branch north, and the Andover Canal.

	map type Tunnicliff 1791 -- menu of resources
	source item -- HMCMS:FA1999.72.2 -- map

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	HantsMap Notes -- TUNNI1.txt MN: 17.5.1999 last edit: 16.7.1999

NOTES from TUNNICLIFF'S MAP of HAMPSHIRE, 1791

MAP FEATURES