Old Cumbria Gazetteer

---

	placename:-	Borrowdale
	parish	Borrowdale parish, once in Cumberland
	county:-	Cumbria
		locality; valley
	coordinates:-	NY257148
	10Km square:-	NY21
	10Km square:-	NY22
	1Km square	NY2514
		Borrowdale -- Borrowdale -- Cumbria / -- 22.9.2010
		Borrowdale -- Borrowdale -- Cumbria / -- From Lowcrag Wood. -- 17.2.2007
	source:-	Martineau 1855
		Guide book, A Complete Guide to the English Lakes, by Harriet Martineau, published by John Garnett, Windermere, Westmorland, and by Whittaker and Co, London, 1855; published 1855-71.
		Page 77:-
		...
		He is now standing in the middle of that far-famed Borrowdale, of which so many curious tales are told. Its inhabitants were once considered as primitive as we now consider those of Watendlath; and a good deal
		Page 78:-
		more, if the current stories are true. It is said that an old Borrowdale man was once sent a very long way for something very new, by some innovator who had found his way into the dale. The man was to go with horse and sacks (for there were no carts, because there was no road) to bring some lime from beyond Keswick. On his return, when he was near Grange, it began to rain; and the man was alarmed at seeing his sacks begin to smoke. He got a hatful of water from the river; but the smoke grew worse. Assured at length that the devil must be in any fire which was aggravated by water, he tossed the whole load over into the river. That must have been before the dalesmen built their curious wall; for they must have had lime for that. Spring being very charming in Borrowdale, and the sound of the cuckoo gladsome, the people determined to build a wall to keep in the cuckoo, and make the spring last for ever. So they built a wall across the entrance, at Grange. The plan did not answer; but that was, according to the popular belief from generation to generation, because the wall was not built one course higher. It is simply for want of a top course in that wall that eternal spring does not reign in Borrowdale. Another anecdote shows, however, that a bright wit did occasionally show himself among them. A "statesman" - (an "estatesman," or small proprietor) - went one day to a distant fair or sale, and brought home what neither he nor his. neighbours had ever seen before;- a pair of stirrups. Home he came jogging, with his feet in his stirrups; but, by the time he reached his own door, he had jammed his feet in so fast that they would not come
		Page 79:-
		out. There was great alarm and lamentation; but, as it could not be helped now, the good man patiently sat his horse in the pasture for a day or two, his family bringing him food, till the eldest son, vexed to see the horse suffering by exposure, proposed to bring both into the stable. This was done; and there sat the farmer for several days,- his food being brought to him, as before. At length, it struck the second son that it was a pity not to make his father useful, and release the horse; so he proposed to carry him, on the saddle, into the house. By immense exertion it was done; the horse being taken alongside the midden in the yard, to ease the fall: and the good man found himself under his own roof again,- spinning wool in a corner of the kitchen. There the mounted man sat spinning, through the cleverness of his second son, till the lucky hour arrived of his youngest son's return,- he being a scholar,- a learned student from St. Bees. After duly considering the case, he gave his counsel. He suggested that the goodman should draw his feet out of his shoes. This was done, amidst the blessings of the family; and the goodman was restored to his occupations and to liberty. The wife was so delighted that she said if she had a score of children, she would make them all scholars,- if only she had to begin life again.
		It is by no means to be supposed, however, that there was no wit in the valley, but what had come from St. Bees. On the contrary, a native genius, on one occasion, came to a conclusion so striking that it is doubtful whether any university could rival it. A stranger came riding into the dale on a mule, and, being
		Page 80:-
		bound for the mountains, went up the pass on foot, leaving the animal in the care of his host. The host had never seen such a creature before, nor had his neighbours. Fearing mischief, they consulted the wise man of the dale; for they kept a Sagum, or medicine man, to supply their deficiencies. He came, and after an examination of the mule, drew a circle round it, and consulted his books while his charms were burning; and, at length, announced that he had found it. The creature must be, he concluded, a peacock. So Borrowdale could then boast, without a rival, of a visit from a stranger who came riding on a peacock. There is a real and strong feeling in the district about these old stories. Only last year, when a Borrowdale man entered a country inn, a prior guest said simply "cuckoo," and was instantly knocked down; and a passionate fight ensued. This cannot last much longer,- judging by the number of new houses,- abodes of gentry,- built or building in Borrowdale. The wrath must presently turn to a laugh in the humblest chimney corner in the dale.
		...
		Page 82:-
		... There is something else to be heard here [Lodore]; and that is the Borrowdale echoes. A cannon is planted in the meadow before the inn, which awakens an uproar from the surrounding crags to Glaramara.
		...
		Page 135:-
		...
		At the turn under Honister Crag, ... Borrowdale begins to open upon the eye;- at first in the form of a triangular bit of green level far below among the hills. By degrees, the overlapping mountains part asunder, and disclose more farmsteads and broader levels, till the fences are reached. ...
	person:-	medicine man; sagum
	date:-	1855
	period:-	19th century, late; 1850s
	source:-	Martineau 1855
		Guide book, A Complete Guide to the English Lakes, by Harriet Martineau, published by John Garnett, Windermere, Westmorland, and by Whittaker and Co, London, 1855; published 1855-71.
		Plate, opposite p.152:-
		Print, engraving, Borrowdale near the Bowder Stone, drawn by L Aspland, engraved by W Banks, Edinburgh, published by John Garnett, Windermere, Westmorland, and by Whittaker and Co, London, 1855.
		L Aspland Delt. / W Banks Sc Edinr. / BORROWDALE / near the Bowder Stone.
	person:-	artist : Aspland, T L
	person:-	engraver : Banks, W
	person:-	publisher : Garnett, John
	date:-	1855
	period:-	19th century, late; 1850s
	source:-	Martineau 1855
		Guide book, A Complete Guide to the English Lakes, by Harriet Martineau, published by John Garnett, Windermere, Westmorland, and by Whittaker and Co, London, 1855; published 1855-71.
		Page 152:-
		...
		Antiquarians tell us that Borrowdale was anciently called Boredale, "having its name probably from the wild boars which used, in former times, to haunt the woody part of Wastdale Forest; the hill above it being called Sty Head, where the swine were wont to feed in the summer, ...
		...
		Page 155:-
		... the traveller will find no "nuts and acorns" in this "Boredale," nor any remarkable number of swine. ...
	date:-	1855
	period:-	19th century, late; 1850s
	old map:-	Garnett 1850s-60s H
		Map of the English Lakes, scale about 3.5 miles to 1 inch, published by John Garnett, Windermere, Westmorland, 1850s-60s.
		Borrowdale
		valley, partly marked by hachures
	placename:-	Borrowdale
	date:-	1850=1869
	period:-	19th century, late; 1850s; 1860s
	descriptive text:-	Ford 1839 (3rd edn 1843)
		Description of Scenery in the Lake District, by William Ford, published by Charles Thurnham, London, et al, 1839; published 1839-52.
		Page 66:-
		...
		BORROWDALE.
		Not the least interesting is that into this dale, at the entrance of which we were in the ride round Derwent Water. At a distance it seems as if all further progress were staid by a barrier of mountains, but upon approaching this wall, one mountain corner is found to be set a little past the other, so that a winding entrance is left; the gorge is straight, the whole width being occupied by the road and river.
		Page 67:-
		[wind]ing river are below, the village of Rosthwaite is in front at the junction of the vales of Stonethwaite and Seathwaite, while Eagle Crag and Glaramara tower above.
		The Bowder Stone next arrests the attention, ... On the right are Randerson's Band Rocks; beneath meanders the Derwent, enriching with welcome fertility, the fields and meadows through which are scattered the dwellings of Borrowdale. These rich meadows stretch to the borders of the mountains, whose
		Page 68:-
		bases and sloping sides are covered with wood almost to their aspiring tops. At Rosthwaite, the principal hamlet, is a small inn. The vales of which Borrowdale is composed diverge from this village, up which the tourist approaches from Keswick to the north; Seatoller leading to Buttermere to the west; Seathwaite and over the Stye Head to Wastdale in a southerly direction; and Stonethwaite to the south-east, which again separates into Langstreth, leading over the Stake into Great Langdale, and Greenup leading into Easedale, and thence to Grasmere.
		A little up the road from the inn towards Stonethwaite is a splendid view, the river forming the foreground, and Eagle Crag the distance. The tourist should not fail to proceed to the point where the grains of Greenup and Langstreth separate, which he must do by crossing Stonethwaite Bridge. This makes a picturesque subject, the village composing the middle ground, and the Hay Stacks the distance; then ascend a little way up the wooded rocks on the left, by which means he will command a view of both at once, divided by the towering precipices of Eagle Crag, having Bull Crag directly in front. The mountains of this dale, clad with oaks and ash, yews and thorns, almost to their summits, are the loftiest and most beautiful in Borrowdale.
	placename:-	Borrowdale
	date:-	1839
	period:-	19th century, early; 1830s
	descriptive text:-	Otley 1823 (5th edn 1834)
		Guidebook, Concise Description of the English Lakes, later A Description of the English Lakes, by Jonathan Otley, published by the author, Keswick, Cumberland, by J Richardson, London, and by Arthur Foster, Kirky Lonsdale, Cumbria, 1823 onwards.
		goto source.
		Page 124:-
		TO BORROWDALE BY WATENDLETH.
		On a second excursion to Borrowdale, on foot or on horseback, the road by Ashness to Watendleth may be taken. From a bridge above Barrow Cascade, there is a splendid view of the valley, with the lakes of Derwent and Bassenthwaite; and a little further on, by deviating to the edge of a precipice on the right, the waterfall of Lowdore comes in view, and the lake appears at an awful depth beneath your feet. After losing sight of the lakes, the road lies along a contracted valley, by the side of the stream which supplies the cataract of Lowdore. At the distance of five miles from Keswick, it reaches Watendleth, ... A track leads from thence over the hill, from which there is a fine view of the head of Borrowdale; it then descends steeply to Rosthwaite, whence the return may be made by Bowder Stone to Keswick; a circuit of 14 miles. To contract this excursion, the stream from Watendleth may be crossed about a mile beyond Ashness; then turning towards Lowdore, there is a peculiar view of a part of Derwentwater through the opening above the waterfall: which may be varied at pleasure, from a higher or a lower station.
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		Page 155:-
		The SECOND division [of slate rocks] comprehends the mountains of Eskdale, Wasdale, Ennerdale, Borrowdale, Langdale, Grasmere, Patterdale, Martindale, Mardale, and some adjacent places; including the two highest mountains of the district, Scawfell and Helvellyn, as well as the Old Man at Coniston. All our fine towering crags belong to it; and most of the cascades among the lakes fall over it. There are indeed some lofty precipices in the former division; ...
		... A reddish aggregated rock of a coarse slaty structure, is to be seen on entering the common on the road from Keswick towards Borrowdale. It appears
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		Page 156:-
		to form one of the lower beds of the division, and may be traced each way to some distance.
		...
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		Page 156:-
		... An amygdaloid rock, containing nodules of calcareous spar, and sometimes of agate, opal or calcedony, is met with in several places; ... between Bowder Stone and Rosthwaite ...
	date:-	1823
	period:-	19th century, early; 1820s
	source:-	Otley 1818
		New Map of the District of the Lakes, in Westmorland, Cumberland, and Lancashire, scale about 4 miles to 1 inch, by Jonathan Otley, engraved by J and G Menzies, Edinburgh, Lothian, Scotland, published by J Otley, Keswick, Cumberland now Cumbria, 1818; pblished 1818 to 1850s.
		goto source.
		BORROWDALE
	placename:-	Borrowdale
		valley
	old text:-	Camden 1789
		Britannia, or A Chorographical Description of the Flourishing Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland, by William Camden, 1586, translated from the 1607 Latin edition by Richard Gough, published London, 1789.
		Page 170:-
		...
		... Borrodale, a valley surrounded with crooked hills, ...
	placename:-	Borrodale
	date:-	1789
	period:-	18th century, late; 1780s
	old print:-	Gilpin 1786 (3rd edn 1808)
		Guide book, Observations, Relative Chiefly to Picturesque Beauty, Made in the Year 1772, on Several Parts of England, Particularly the Mountains, and Lakes of Cumberland Westmoreland, by Rev William Gilpin, 1772-74; published 1786-1808.
		Print, aquatint, Straits of Borrowdale, by William Gilpin, 1772-74, published by T Cadell and W Davies, Strand, London, 1808.
		Vol.1 opposite p.201 in Observations on Several Parts of England, Particularly the Mountains and Lakes of Cumberland Westmoreland, Relative Chiefly to Picturesque Beauty, 3rd edn 1808.
		The list of plates has:-
		An illustration of that sort of country, which composes the narrower parts of the straits of Borrodale. They consist of rocky, or craggy mountains on each side; with a stream, or, in some parts (where the stream may be hid) a road, in the middle. But it is difficult to give any idea of these tremendous scenes, in so small a compass, as they are here exhibited: for, as their terror consists greatly in their immensity, it is not easy to persuade the eye to conceive highly of their grandeur from these diminutive representations.- Mr. Farrington has given us, on a larger scale, a fine portrait, and I think, a very exact one, of the entrance into these straits at the village of Grange.
	placename:-	Borrodale
	date:-	1772
	period:-	18th century, late
	descriptive text:-	West 1778 (11th edn 1821)
		Guide book, A Guide to the Lakes, by Thomas West, published by William Pennington, Kendal, Cumbria once Westmorland, and in London, 1778 to 1821.
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		Page 94:-
		... All Borrowdale was give (sic) to the monks of Furness, probably by one of the Derwent family, and Adam de Derwentwater gave them free ingress and egress through all his lands [1]. The Grange was the place where they laid up their grain and their tithe, ...
		[1] Antiquities of Furness, page 106.
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		Page 96:-
		...
		The rocky scenes in Borrowdale are most fantastic, and the entrance rugged. One
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		Page 97:-
		rock elbows out, and turns the road directly against another. Bowder-stone, on the right, in the very pass, is a mountain of itself, and the road winds round its base. Here rock riots over rock, and mountain intersecting mountain, form one grand semicircular sweep. Extensive woods deck their steep sides; trees grow from pointed rocks, and rocks appear like trees. Here the Derwent, rapid as the Rhone, rolls his crystal streams through all the labyrinth of embattled obstacles. Indeed, the scenes here are sublimely terrible, the assemblage of magnificent objects so stupendously great, and the arrangement so extraordinary curious, that they must excite the most sensible feelings of wonder and surprise, and at once impress the mind with reverential awe and admiration.
		The most gigantic mountains that form the outline of this tremendous landscape, and inclose Borrowdale, are Eagle-crag, Glaramara, Bull-crag, and Serjeant-crag. ...
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		Page 98:-
		... Glaramara is a mountain of perpendicular rock, immense in height and much broken. It appears on the western canton, and outline of the picture. Bull-crag and Serjeant-crag are in the centre, and their ruggid (sic) sides concealed with hanging woods.
		The road continues good to Rosthwaite, the first village in this romantic region, ... Amidst these tremendous scenes of rocks and mountains, there is a peculiar circumstance, of consolation to the traveller, that distinguishes this from other mountainous tracts, where the hills are divided by bogs and mosses often difficult to pass, which is, that the mosses here, are on
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		Page 99:-
		the tops of the mountains, and a way over, or round them, is never very difficult to find. The inhabitants of the dales are served with turf-fuel from these mosses, ...
		The mountains here are separated by wooded glens, verdant dells, and fertile vales, which, besides forming a pleasing contrast, relieve the imagination with delighted ideas, that the inhabitants of these rude regions are far removed from the want of the necessaries of life, for themselves, their herds, and flocks, during the exclusion-months from the rest of the community, by the winter snows. ...
		goto source.
		Addendum; Mr Gray's Journal, 1769
		Page 203:-
		Oct. 3. [at Keswick] A heavenly day; rose at seven, and walked out under the conduct of my landlord to Borrowdale; ... ... to the left, the jaws of Borrowdale, with that turbulent chaos of mountain behind mountain, rolled in confusion; ... ... This scene continues to Barrowgate, and a little further, passing a brook called Barrow-beck, we entered Borrowdale: the crags named Lowdore-banks began now to impend terribly over the way, and more terribly when you hear that three years since an immense mass of rock tumbled at once from the brow, barred all access to the dale (for this is the only road) till they could work their way through it. Luckily no one was passing by at the time of this fall; but down the side of the mountain, and far into the lake, lie dispersed the huge fragments of this
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		Page 204:-
		ruin, in all shapes and in all directions: ...
		...
		The hills here are clothed all up their steep sides with oak, ash, birch, holly, &c., some of it has been cut forty years ago, some within these eight years: yet it is all sprung again, green, flourishing, and tall for its age, in a place where no soil appears but the staring rock, and where a man could scarce stand upright. ...
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		Page 205:-
		... By the side of this hill [Castle Crag], which almost blocks up the way, the valley turns to the left, and contracts its dimensions till there is hardly any road but the rocky bed of the river. The wood of the mountains increases, and their summits grow loftier to the eye, and of more fantastic forms; among them appear Eagle's-cliff, Dove's-nest, Whitedale pike, &c. celebrated in the annals of Keswick. The dale opens about four miles higher, till you come to Seathwaite, where lies the way, mounting the hill to the right, that leads to the wad-mines; all farther access is here barred to prying mortals, only there is a little path winding over the fells, and for some weeks in the year passable to the dalesmen; but the mountains know well that these innocent people will not reveal the mysteries of their ancient kingdom, 'the reign Chaos and Old Night,' ...
		For me , I went no farther than the farmer's (better than four miles from Keswick) at Grange; ... Our farmer was himself the man that last year plundered the eagles' eyrie: all the dale are up in arms on such an occasion, for they loss (sic) abundance of lambs yearly, not to mention hares, partridges, grouse, &c. He was let down from the cliff, in ropes, to the shelf of the rock on which the nest was built, the people above shouting and hallooing to frighten the old birds, which did not dare to attack him. He brought off the eaglet (for there is rarely more than one) and an addle egg. The nest was roundish, and more than a yard over, made of twigs
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		Page 206:-
		twisted together. Seldom a year passes, but they take the brood, or eggs, and sometimes they shoot one, sometimes the other, parent; but the survivor has always found a mate (probably in Ireland) and they breed near the old place. By his description I learn that this species is the Erne, the vulture Abicilla of Linnaeus in his last edition (but in your's Falco Albicilla) so consult him and Pennant about it.
	date:-	1769; 1778
	period:-	18th century, late; 1760s; 1770s
	old map:-	Bowen and Kitchin 1760
		New Map of the Counties of Cumberland and Westmoreland, scale about 4 miles to 1 inch, Emanuel Bowen and Thomas Kitchin, published by T Bowles, John Bowles and Son, Robert Sayer, and John Tinney, 1760; published 1760-87.
		Borrodale
		circle, tower
	placename:-	Borrodale
	date:-	1760
	period:-	18th century, late; 1760s
	old map:-	Simpson 1746 map (Wmd)
		goto source.
		Borrodale
		Circle.
	placename:-	Borrodale
	county:-	Cumberland
	date:-	1746
	period:-	18th century, early; 1740s
	old map:-	Morden 1695 (Cmd)
		Maps, Westmorland, scale about 2.5 miles to 1 inch, and Cumberland, scale about 3 miles to 1 inch, by Robert Morden, 1695.
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		Borrodale
		Circle, building and tower.
	placename:-	Borrodale
	county:-	Cumberland
	date:-	1695
	period:-	17th century, late; 1690s
	old map:-	Jansson 1646
		Map, Cumbria et Westmoria, or Cumberland and Westmorland, scale about 3.5 miles to 1 inch, by John Jansson, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 1646; published 1646-1724.
		Borrodale
		Buildings and tower.
	placename:-	Borrodale
	county:-	Cumberland
	date:-	1646
	period:-	17th century, early; 1640s
	old map:-	Jenner 1643
		Table of distances and map, Westmerland ie Westmorland, now Cumbria, scale about 16 miles to 1 inch, by Thomas Jenner, London, 1643.
		Borodale
		circle
	placename:-	Borodale
	date:-	1643
	period:-	17th century, early; 1640s
	old map:-	Drayton 1612/1622
		Map, Cumberlande and Westmorlande, by Michael Drayton in part 2 of Polyolbion, probably engraved by William Hole; published by John Marriott, John Grismand, and Thomas Dewe, London, 1622.
		Borrowdale
		Lady sitting; out of place!.
	placename:-	Borrowdale
	date:-	1622
	period:-	17th century, early; 1620s
	old map:-	Speed 1611 (Cmd)
		Maps, The Countie Westmorland and Kendale the Cheif Towne, scale about 3.5 miles to 1 inch, and Cumberland and the Ancient Citie Carlile, scale about 4 miles to 1 inch, by John Speed, London, 1611; published 1611-1770.
		Borrodale
		circle, tower
	placename:-	Borrodale
	date:-	1611
	period:-	17th century, early; 1610s
	old map:-	Saxton 1576
		Map, Westmorlandiae et Cumberlandiae Comitatus ie Westmorland and Cumberland, scale about 5 miles to 1 inch, by Christopher Saxton, London, engraved by Augustinus Ryther, 1576; published 1579-1645.
		goto source.
		Building, symbol for a hamlet, which may or may not have a nucleus.
		Borrodale
	placename:-	Borrodale
	county:-	Cumberlandia
		hamlet
	date:-	1576
	period:-	16th century, late; 1570s
	old print:-	Jenkinson 1875
		Guide book, A Practical Guide to the English Lake District, by Henry Irwin Jenkinson, published by Edward Stanford, 55 Charing Cross, London, 4th edition 1875.
		Print, lithograph, outline view, Panoramic Sketches from Skiddaw, Cumberland, by Edwin A Pettitt, London, published by Edward Stanford, 55 Charing Cross, London, 1875.
		... Borrowdale Valley ...
		Print, lithograph, outline view, Panoramic Sketches from Scawfell Pike, Cumberland, by Edwin A Pettitt, London, published by Edward Stanford, 55 Charing Cross, London, 1875.
		... Borrowdale ...
	placename:-	Borrowdale Valley
	date:-	1875
	period:-	19th century, late
	old print:-	Matthew 1866
		Print, engraving, outline view, Mountains as seen from the Road to Wastwater near Murthwaiteside, Cumberland, published by J Richardson, Highgate, Kendal, Westmorland, 1866.
		Tipped in before p.1 of The English Lakes, Peaks and Passes, from Kendal to Keswick, by George King Matthew.
		printed at bottom:-
		MOUNTAINS AS SEEN FROM THE ROAD TO WASTWATER NEAR MURTHWIATESIDE.
		printed at caption to mountains:-
		... Bordale Val[l ] ...
	placename:-	Bordale
	date:-	1866
	period:-	19th century, late
	old print:-	Martineau 1855
		Guide book, A Complete Guide to the English Lakes, by Harriet Martineau, published by John Garnett, Windermere, Westmorland, and by Whittaker and Co, London, 1855; published 1855-71.
		Print, engraving, Borrowdale near the Bowder Stone, drawn by L Aspland, engraved by W Banks, Edinburgh, published by John Garnett, Windermere, Westmorland, and by Whittaker and Co, London, 1855.
		Tipped in opposite p.152 in A Complete Guide to the English Lakes, by Harriet Martineau.
		printed at bottom left, right, centre:-
		L Aspland Delt. / W Banks Sc Edinr. / BORROWDALE / near the Bowder Stone.
	placename:-	Borrowdale
	date:-	1855
	period:-	19th century, late
	old print:-	Rose 1832-35 (vol.1 no.64)
		Engravings - Westmorland, Cumberland, Durham and Northumberland Illustrated; from drawings by Thomas Allom, George Pickering, and H Gastineau, described by Thomas Rose, published by H Fisher, R Fisher, and P Jackson, Newgate Street, London, 1832-35.
		Print, uncoloured engraving, Rossthwaite, Borrowdale, from the Road to Watenlath, Cumberland, drawn by Thomas Allom, engraved by R Sands, published by Fisher, Son and Co, London, 1833.
		vol.1 pl.64 in the set of prints, Westmorland, Cumberland, Durham and Northumberland Illustrated.
		printed at bottom left, right, centre:-
		T. Allom. / R. Sands. / ROSSTHWAITE, BORROWDALE, FROM THE ROAD TO WATENLATH. / FISHER, SON & CO. LONDON, 1833.
	placename:-	Borrowdale
	date:-	1832=1835
	period:-	19th century, early
	descriptive text:-	Farington 1789 (plate 2)
		20 engravings, Views of the Lakes in Cumberland and Westmorland, drawn by Joseph Farington, published by William Byrne, London, 1789.
		Print, engraving, The Grange in Borrowdale, painted by Joseph Farington, engraved by W Byrne and T Medland, published by W Byrne, 79 Titchfield Street, London, 1784.
		Plate 2 from Views of the Lakes, &c, in Cumberland and Westmorland, published 1789; with descriptive text:-
		THE GRANGE IN BORROWDALE. ... In this spot is formed by the impending Mountains what Mr. Gray calls 'THE GORGE OF BORROWDALE.' ...
	other name:-	Gorge of Borrowdale
	date:-	1784
	period:-	18th century, late
	old print:-	Barber and Atkinson 1927
		Print, halftone photograph, Castle Crag, Borrowdale, Cumberland, by E H Atkinson, published by James Atkinson, Caxton Printing Works, Ulverston, Lancashire, 1928.
		Tipped in opposite p.41 of Lakeland Passes, by John B Barber and George Atkinson, 1927, 3rd edn 1928.
		printed at bottom:-
		Photo E. H. Atkinson. Castle Crag, Borrowdale. (To face plage 38.
	placename:-	Borrowdale
	date:-	1927
	period:-	1920s
	old print:-	Tattersall 1836 (version 1869)
		Print, hand coloured, Borrowdale, from near Rosthwaite, Cumberland, drawn by George Tattersall, 1836, engraved by W F Topham, published by T J Allman, 463 Oxford Street, London, 1869.
		Included in The Lakes of England, by W F Topham.
		printed at bottom:-
		BORROWDALE, / from near Rosthwaite
		printed at bottom:-
		Borrowdale Fells. / Helvellyn. / Eagle Crag. / Stonethwaite. / Stonethwaite Fells. / Glaramara.
	placename:-	Borrowdale
	date:-	1836
	period:-	19th century, early
	old print:-	Tattersall 1836
		Print, engraving, Borrowdale, from near Rosthwaite, Cumberland, drawn by George Tattersall, engraved by W F Topham, published by Sherwood and Co, Paternoster Row, London, about 1836.
		The print is captioned with mountain names and acts as an outline view.
		Tipped in opposite p.72 of The Lakes of England, by George Tattersall.
		printed at bottom:-
		BORROWDALE. / from near Rosthwaite.
		printed at bottom left to right:-
		Borrowdale Fells. / Helvellyn. / Eagle Crag. / Stonethwaite. / Stonethwaite Fells. / Glaramara.
	placename:-	Borrowdale
	date:-	1836
	period:-	19th century, early
	old print:-	Religious Tract Society 1860s
		Print, engraving, Borrowdale, Cumberland, published by the Religious Tract Society, London, 1860s?
		Tipped in opp.p.58 in How To See the English Lakes.
		printed at bottom:-
		BORROWDALE.
	placename:-	Borrowdale
	date:-	1860=1869
	period:-	19th century, late
	old print:-	Britain and Bayley 1802-18
		Print, uncoloured engraving, Burrowdale, from Bowdar Stone, Cumberland, drawn by A Wilson, engraved by Hay, published by Vernor and Hood, Poultry, London, 1800s.
		Included in the Beauties of England and Wales, by John Britton and Edward W Brayley.
		printed at bottom left, right, centre:-
		Engrav'd by Hay from a Drawing by A. Wilson / for the Beauties of England and Wales. / BURROWDALE, / From Bowdar Stone, / Cumberland. / [London. Publish'd by Vernor & Hood. Poultry, ]
	placename:-	Burrowdale
	date:-	1800=1809
	period:-	19th century, early
	old print:-
		Print, uncoloured engraving, Borrowdale from near the Bowder Stone, Cumberland, drawn by T Aspland, engraved by W Banks, Edinburgh, published by J Garnett, Windermere, Westmorland, 1850s-60s?
		printed at bottom left, right, centre:-
		T. Aspland. Delt. / Engd. by W. Banks, Edinr. / BORROWDALE. / FROM NEAR THE BOWDER STONE. / PUBLISHED BY J. GARNETT, WINDERMERE.
	placename:-	Borrowdale
	date:-	1850=1869
	period:-	19th century, late
	old print:-
		Print, uncoloured engraving, Borrowdale, Cumberland, by W H J Bool, published late 19th century?
		On page 151 of The English Lakes.
		printed at lower left:-
		[WHJBool]
		printed at bottom:-
		BORROWDALE.
	placename:-	Borrowdale
	date:-	1880=1899
	period:-	19th century, late
	old print:-
		Print, uncoloured engraving, Grange, Buttermere, actually Borrowdale, Cumberland, engraved by M Jackson, published late 19th century?
		On a page of The Land We Live In.
		printed at bottom:-
		4.- GRANGE, BUTTERMERE.
	date:-	1860=1879
	period:-	19th century, late
	source:-	Martineau 1855
		Guide book, A Complete Guide to the English Lakes, by Harriet Martineau, published by John Garnett, Windermere, Westmorland, and by Whittaker and Co, London, 1855; published 1855-71.
		Page 227:-
		BORROWDALE.
		Abbott John, farmer, Manesty.
		Allinson, John, farmer, Rosthwaite.
		Banks, Mary, lodging-house, Newton Place.
		Birket John, farmer, Seathwaite
		Dixon, John, agent to the Blacklead Mines, Seathwaite.
		Dixon, Daniel, farmer, Stonethwaite,
		Fisher, Abraham, Esq., (J.P.) Seatoller.
		Heathcote, Miss, Borrowdale Gates.
		Jackson, John, postmaster, Rosthwaite.
		Jopson, Daniel, farmer, Seatoller
		Jopson, John, farmer, Chapel House.
		Kirkby, George, farmer High Lowdore.
		Litt, Jos., farmer, Stonethwaite
		Mackereth, Geo., farmer, Ellers.
		Mossop, Mrs., innkeeper, Lowdore Hotel.
		Newby, Rev., George, perpetual curate, Borrowdale Parsonage
		Simpson, Thomas, Esq., Hazel Bank,
		Simpson, William, innkeeper, Rosthwaite.
		Slee, Adam, slate merchant, Queyfoot.
		Teasdale, Isaac, farmer, Riggside.
		Threlkeld, Thos., yeoman, Grange
		Threlkeld, Thos., jonr., farmer, Grange.
		Walker, Thomas, farmer, Thornthwaite.
		Wilson, John, yeoman, Grange.
		Wilson, Joseph, yeoman, Rosthwaite.
		Wilson, John, farmer, Watendlath.
		Wren, Thomas, yeoman, Rosthwaite.
	date:-	1855
	period:-	19th century, late; 1850s
	old print:-	Jenkinson 1875
		Guide book, A Practical Guide to the English Lake District, by Henry Irwin Jenkinson, published by Edward Stanford, 55 Charing Cross, London, 4th edition 1875.
		Print, lithograph, outline view, Panoramic Sketches from Skiddaw, Cumberland, by Edwin A Pettitt, London, published by Edward Stanford, 55 Charing Cross, London, 1875.
		... Borrowdale Valley ...
		Print, lithograph, outline view, Panoramic Sketches from Scawfell Pike, Cumberland, by Edwin A Pettitt, London, published by Edward Stanford, 55 Charing Cross, London, 1875.
		... Borrowdale ...
	placename:-	Borrowdale Valley
	date:-	1875
	period:-	19th century, late
	old print:-	Matthew 1866
		Print, engraving, outline view, Mountains as seen from the Road to Wastwater near Murthwaiteside, Cumberland, published by J Richardson, Highgate, Kendal, Westmorland, 1866.
		Tipped in before p.1 of The English Lakes, Peaks and Passes, from Kendal to Keswick, by George King Matthew.
		printed at bottom:-
		MOUNTAINS AS SEEN FROM THE ROAD TO WASTWATER NEAR MURTHWIATESIDE.
		printed at caption to mountains:-
		... Bordale Val[l ] ...
	placename:-	Bordale
	date:-	1866
	period:-	19th century, late
	old print:-	Martineau 1855
		Guide book, A Complete Guide to the English Lakes, by Harriet Martineau, published by John Garnett, Windermere, Westmorland, and by Whittaker and Co, London, 1855; published 1855-71.
		Print, engraving, Borrowdale near the Bowder Stone, drawn by L Aspland, engraved by W Banks, Edinburgh, published by John Garnett, Windermere, Westmorland, and by Whittaker and Co, London, 1855.
		Tipped in opposite p.152 in A Complete Guide to the English Lakes, by Harriet Martineau.
		printed at bottom left, right, centre:-
		L Aspland Delt. / W Banks Sc Edinr. / BORROWDALE / near the Bowder Stone.
	placename:-	Borrowdale
	date:-	1855
	period:-	19th century, late
	old print:-	Rose 1832-35 (vol.1 no.64)
		Engravings - Westmorland, Cumberland, Durham and Northumberland Illustrated; from drawings by Thomas Allom, George Pickering, and H Gastineau, described by Thomas Rose, published by H Fisher, R Fisher, and P Jackson, Newgate Street, London, 1832-35.
		Print, uncoloured engraving, Rossthwaite, Borrowdale, from the Road to Watenlath, Cumberland, drawn by Thomas Allom, engraved by R Sands, published by Fisher, Son and Co, London, 1833.
		vol.1 pl.64 in the set of prints, Westmorland, Cumberland, Durham and Northumberland Illustrated.
		printed at bottom left, right, centre:-
		T. Allom. / R. Sands. / ROSSTHWAITE, BORROWDALE, FROM THE ROAD TO WATENLATH. / FISHER, SON & CO. LONDON, 1833.
	placename:-	Borrowdale
	date:-	1832=1835
	period:-	19th century, early
	descriptive text:-	Farington 1789 (plate 2)
		20 engravings, Views of the Lakes in Cumberland and Westmorland, drawn by Joseph Farington, published by William Byrne, London, 1789.
		Print, engraving, The Grange in Borrowdale, painted by Joseph Farington, engraved by W Byrne and T Medland, published by W Byrne, 79 Titchfield Street, London, 1784.
		Plate 2 from Views of the Lakes, &c, in Cumberland and Westmorland, published 1789; with descriptive text:-
		THE GRANGE IN BORROWDALE. ... In this spot is formed by the impending Mountains what Mr. Gray calls 'THE GORGE OF BORROWDALE.' ...
	other name:-	Gorge of Borrowdale
	date:-	1784
	period:-	18th century, late
	old print:-	Barber and Atkinson 1927
		Print, halftone photograph, Castle Crag, Borrowdale, Cumberland, by E H Atkinson, published by James Atkinson, Caxton Printing Works, Ulverston, Lancashire, 1928.
		Tipped in opposite p.41 of Lakeland Passes, by John B Barber and George Atkinson, 1927, 3rd edn 1928.
		printed at bottom:-
		Photo E. H. Atkinson. Castle Crag, Borrowdale. (To face plage 38.
	placename:-	Borrowdale
	date:-	1927
	period:-	1920s
	old print:-	Tattersall 1836 (version 1869)
		Print, hand coloured, Borrowdale, from near Rosthwaite, Cumberland, drawn by George Tattersall, 1836, engraved by W F Topham, published by T J Allman, 463 Oxford Street, London, 1869.
		Included in The Lakes of England, by W F Topham.
		printed at bottom:-
		BORROWDALE, / from near Rosthwaite
		printed at bottom:-
		Borrowdale Fells. / Helvellyn. / Eagle Crag. / Stonethwaite. / Stonethwaite Fells. / Glaramara.
	placename:-	Borrowdale
	date:-	1836
	period:-	19th century, early
	old print:-	Tattersall 1836
		Print, engraving, Borrowdale, from near Rosthwaite, Cumberland, drawn by George Tattersall, engraved by W F Topham, published by Sherwood and Co, Paternoster Row, London, about 1836.
		The print is captioned with mountain names and acts as an outline view.
		Tipped in opposite p.72 of The Lakes of England, by George Tattersall.
		printed at bottom:-
		BORROWDALE. / from near Rosthwaite.
		printed at bottom left to right:-
		Borrowdale Fells. / Helvellyn. / Eagle Crag. / Stonethwaite. / Stonethwaite Fells. / Glaramara.
	placename:-	Borrowdale
	date:-	1836
	period:-	19th century, early
	old print:-	Religious Tract Society 1860s
		Print, engraving, Borrowdale, Cumberland, published by the Religious Tract Society, London, 1860s?
		Tipped in opp.p.58 in How To See the English Lakes.
		printed at bottom:-
		BORROWDALE.
	placename:-	Borrowdale
	date:-	1860=1869
	period:-	19th century, late
	old print:-	Britain and Bayley 1802-18
		Print, uncoloured engraving, Burrowdale, from Bowdar Stone, Cumberland, drawn by A Wilson, engraved by Hay, published by Vernor and Hood, Poultry, London, 1800s.
		Included in the Beauties of England and Wales, by John Britton and Edward W Brayley.
		printed at bottom left, right, centre:-
		Engrav'd by Hay from a Drawing by A. Wilson / for the Beauties of England and Wales. / BURROWDALE, / From Bowdar Stone, / Cumberland. / [London. Publish'd by Vernor & Hood. Poultry, ]
	placename:-	Burrowdale
	date:-	1800=1809
	period:-	19th century, early
	old print:-
		Print, uncoloured engraving, Borrowdale from near the Bowder Stone, Cumberland, drawn by T Aspland, engraved by W Banks, Edinburgh, published by J Garnett, Windermere, Westmorland, 1850s-60s?
		printed at bottom left, right, centre:-
		T. Aspland. Delt. / Engd. by W. Banks, Edinr. / BORROWDALE. / FROM NEAR THE BOWDER STONE. / PUBLISHED BY J. GARNETT, WINDERMERE.
	placename:-	Borrowdale
	date:-	1850=1869
	period:-	19th century, late
	old print:-
		Print, uncoloured engraving, Borrowdale, Cumberland, by W H J Bool, published late 19th century?
		On page 151 of The English Lakes.
		printed at lower left:-
		[WHJBool]
		printed at bottom:-
		BORROWDALE.
	placename:-	Borrowdale
	date:-	1880=1899
	period:-	19th century, late
	old print:-
		Print, uncoloured engraving, Grange, Buttermere, actually Borrowdale, Cumberland, engraved by M Jackson, published late 19th century?
		On a page of The Land We Live In.
		printed at bottom:-
		4.- GRANGE, BUTTERMERE.
	date:-	1860=1879
	period:-	19th century, late
		photographs
		Borrowdale -- Borrowdale -- Cumbria / -- From Rigghead. -- 19.1.2008
		Borrowdale -- Borrowdale -- Cumbria / -- The jaws of Borrowdale from down the lake. -- 24.8.2008
		Borrowdale -- Borrowdale -- Cumbria / -- The jaws of Borrowdale from down the lake. -- 23.9.2009
		Borrowdale -- Borrowdale -- Cumbria / -- From Lowcrag Wood. -- 3.4.2006
	story	So welcome was spring, announced by the cuckoo, that people in Borrowdale tried to keep spring in by building a wall around the valley to hold the cuckoo in. In time, the cuckoo flew off, and the neighbours in the valley sadly told each other:- Another course of stones would have done it.
	story	An offcomer with new ideas sent a Borrowdale out to beyond Keswick, a very long way, to bring home some lime for the land. On the way back it rained, and the man was terrified by the lime smoking, he tried to put it out with water from the river and as when this failed he threw the whole load in the water.
	story	One statesman from the valley come home with a pair of stirrups, something never before seen. On reaching home he found his feet were jammed in so tight that he couldn't dismount, so he sat for a couple of days in a field, being brought food from the house. His son took pity on the horse and moved it, and rider, to the stable, where the statesman stayed in the saddle for a few days more. The second son didn't like to see his father wasting time, so he was carried, saddle and all, indoors to sit spinning. Then the youngest son came home from St Bees school, and being cleverer than the rest of the family solved the problem; his father should slip his feet from his shoes and become free again.
	hearsay	The Derwentwater Family gave the valley to Furness Abbey. When the abbey lost its lands at the Dissolution of the Monasteries, it reverted to the crown and was sold to two gentlemen in London. They sold the land to the tenants at a very low price, less than one years rents. The deed of sale is known as the Great Deed of Borrowdale, 1613.
	Old Cumbria Gazetteer - JandMN: 2008

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  email:- JandMN@norgate.freeserve.co.uk
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