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place:-
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Derventio
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locality:-
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Papcastle
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parish
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Papcastle parish, once in
Cumberland
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county:-
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Cumbria
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roman fort
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coordinates:-
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NY1131
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10Km square:-
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NY13
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1Km square |
NY1131 |
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old map:- |
OS County Series (Cmd 54 3)
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County Series maps of Great Britain, scales 6 and 25
inches to 1 mile, published by the Ordnance Survey,
Southampton, Hampshire, from about 1863 to
1948. |
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Site of ROMAN STATION (Supposed to be DERVENTIO)
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placename:-
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Derventio
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antiquity
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date:-
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1890=1899
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period:-
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19th century, late; 1890s
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descriptive text:- |
Ford 1839 (3rd edn 1843)
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Description of Scenery in the Lake District, by William
Ford, published by Charles Thurnham, London, et al, 1839;
published 1839-52. |
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Page 84:-
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...
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[Papcastle] ... above the village is the site of a Roman
Castrum, where a great variety of coins, urns, inscriptions,
and remains of baths, have been found. It subsequently
became the seat of the first lords of Allerdale, before they
transferred themselves to the more advantageous position
occupied by Cockermouth Castle.
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date:-
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1839
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period:-
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19th century, early; 1830s
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old text:- |
Camden 1789 (Gough
Additions)
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Britannia, or A Chorographical Description of the
Flourishing Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland, by
William Camden, 1586, translated from the 1607 Latin edition
by Richard Gough, published London, 1789. |
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Page 183:-
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...
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Mr. Routh thus describes the ruins discovered at Pap castle,
Jan. 16, 174½ (sic).
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"I made particular enquiry of the man in whose grounds they
were discovered and of some of the neighbours present at the
discovery. The close in which they lay is a little to the
south of the fort, on the declivity of the hill to the
river, and bounded on the west by a narrow lane, probably
the Via militaris continued, and is usually shewn to
strangers as the most remarkable here for finding Roman
coins.
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"These are the largest ruins ever known to be discovered in
these parts: for they met with three walls besides the
pavement; the first lay east and west and was covered with
earth near a foot high: parallel to it at seven yards they
found a second, and between these two about two yards deep
(the height of the walls, which were six yards broad and
strongly cemented), they came to a pavement curiously laid
with large flags three-quarters of a yard square and two or
three inches thick, as I measured them: but imagining there
must be money under it, they covered it up till night, and
then tore it all up. It was composed of flags of different
thickness: under the thinner was a coarse strong cement
which caused them to be broken in taking up, but the thicker
are pretty entire. Part of the wall stood on the floor, and
the edge was secured by a fine red cement two inches thick,
supposed to be intended to keep the floor dry. They imagined
themselves at the corner of the building, the third wall
standing at right angles with the first, and the second
parallel to the stoney lane, on which was an old hedge. On
the floor they found a stone trough or rather base of a
pillar about a foot high, and the hollowed part square and
two inches deep.
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"They likewise found a small earthen patera, which I
procured, of the fine red clay, beautifully smooth, with
letter impressed on the bottom, but so defaced as not to be
intelligible. Some years ago, the man's father who found
these ruins dug up a conduit. The owner had no coins nor
knew of any. One of his neighbours shewed me a large brass
one defaced."
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Mr. Routh in another letter to Mr. Gale April 13, 1743,
describes a fibula, a coin of Trajan,... IANO AVG.... P. M.
Rev. the emperor seated on a pile of arms, a trophy before
him, S.P.Q.R. OPTI... S. C. and two oaken pieces of the
adjoining timber of a house which appeared to have been
burnt, in the garden of Jerom Tully, esq; of Carlisle. The
earth as far as they dug was artificial, and antiquities are
only found at a considerable depth.
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Dr. Stukeley says the Roman castrum lies on the top of the
hill above the village, and he traced its whole
circumference, a bit of the Roman wall by the river side
going to Wigton, and there the ditch is plainly visible,
though half filled up with the rubbish of the wall. A
subterraneous vault, floored with large slabs of freestone,
was found in the pasture of the south-east angle. The name
of Boroughs includes both closes where it stood, and they
find stones and slates with iron pins in them, coins,
&c. on the whole spot below it towards the water side.
It was a beautiful and well-chosen plan, on the south-west
side of a hill, a noble river running under, and pretty good
country about it. Coins of Claudius, Adrian, and a silver
Geta, PONT. rev. PRINCEPS IVVENTVTIS. He supposes its
antient name DERVENTIO derived from the Derwent.
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placename:-
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Derventio
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person:-
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: Routh, Mr
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person:-
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: Stukeley, William
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date:-
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1789
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period:-
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18th century, late; 1780s
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old text:- |
Camden 1789
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Britannia, or A Chorographical Description of the
Flourishing Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland, by
William Camden, 1586, translated from the 1607 Latin edition
by Richard Gough, published London, 1789. |
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Page 170:-
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...
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... on the other side the river lies the shell of an old
castle called Pap castle, which several monuments prove to
have been of Roman antiquity. Whether this was Guasmoric
which Nennius says king Vortigern built near Luguballium,
and the old Britans called Palmecastle, I do not presume to
determine. Among other monuments of antiquity here was found
a large vase of greenish stone, ... it now serves at the
neighbouring town of Bridkirk, q.d. St. Brigit's church, ...
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placename:-
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Pap Castle
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other name:-
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Guasmoric
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other name:-
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Palmecastle
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date:-
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1789
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period:-
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18th century, late; 1780s
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text:- |
Rivet and Smith 1979
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The roman fort at Papcastle, Cumberland.
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placename:-
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Derventio
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other name:-
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Derventione
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Old Cumbria Gazetteer - JandMN: 2008
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Lakes Guides
menu.