Old Cumbria Gazetteer

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	placename:-	Rose Castle
	parish	Dalston parish, once in Cumberland
	county:-	Cumbria
		bishop's palace; palace; castle
	coordinates:-	NY37084616
	10Km square:-	NY34
		Seat of the Bishop of Carlisle.
	1Km square	NY3746
		Rose Castle -- Dalston -- Cumbria / -- 9.3.2007
	old map:-	Nurse 1918
		Map, The Diocese of Carlisle, Cumberland, Westmorland, and Lancashire North of the Sands, now Cumbria, scale about 4 miles to 1 inch, by Rev Euston J Nurse, published by Charles Thurnam and Sons, 11 English Street, Carlisle, Cumberland, 1918 and 2nd edn 1939.
		drawing of a great house
		ROSE CASTLE
	placename:-	Rose Castle
	site name:-	Carlisle Rural Deanery
	site name:-	Archdeaconry of Carlisle
	site name:-	Diocese of Carlisle
	date:-	1939
	period:-	1930s
	old map:-	OS County Series (Cmd 30 10)
		County Series maps of Great Britain, scales 6 and 25 inches to 1 mile, published by the Ordnance Survey, Southampton, Hampshire, from about 1863 to 1948.
	placename:-	Rose Castle
		castle
	date:-	1890=1899
	period:-	19th century, late; 1890s
	old map:-	Garnett 1850s-60s H
		Map of the English Lakes, scale about 3.5 miles to 1 inch, published by John Garnett, Windermere, Westmorland, 1850s-60s.
		Rose Cas.
		block, building
	placename:-	Rose Castle
	date:-	1850=1869
	period:-	19th century, late; 1850s; 1860s
	old map:-	Ford 1839 map
		Map of the Lake District, published in A Description of Scenery in the Lake District, by William Ford, published by Charles Thurnham, London, 1839.
		Rose Castle
		Building and park.
	placename:-	Rose Castle
	county:-	Cumberland
	date:-	1839
	period:-	19th century, early; 1830s
	descriptive text:-	Ford 1839 (3rd edn 1843)
		Description of Scenery in the Lake District, by William Ford, published by Charles Thurnham, London, et al, 1839; published 1839-52.
		Page 97:-
		...
		ROSE CASTLE
		The pedestrian, indeed, might pass down as far as Rose Castle by the banks of the river, a route that would greatly enhance his pleasure; but the tourist who possesses the accommodation of a carriage, must be content with a passing look of the vale as he proceeds along the heights, down which the road presently descends to Rose Castle, the episcopal seat of the Bishop of Carlisle. The Honourable and Right Reverend Hugh Percy has nearly re-edified the whole castle, which, from having been repaired at different times, according
		Page 98:-
		to the prevalent taste in architecture, had assumed an appearance incongruous with its original castellated style. The castle presents a fine mass of towers built on the north side of the vale, surrounded by hanging gardens that rise, terrace above terrace, up to the level lawn on which it stands. The keep, or Strickland's Tower, is a little detached, and partially covered with ivy. The entrance-hall between Bell's Tower, almost concealed by creepers, and Percy's Tower, which is quite modern, contains the grand staircase of carved English oak, the bannisters ornamented with roses and shields alternately, leading to the chapel and drawing-room. The chapel is lighted by a row of windows on its south front, and is most chastely fitted up with oaken stalls and wainscotting. The reading-desk and pulpit are of the same substantial materials; and across the west end extends a series of beautiful niches with elegant canopies, under one of which is the bishop's seat. The dining-room and library are on the ground floor; the latter is a fine apartment, elegantly and simply fitted up with oaken cases. The fire-places throughout are all of chiselled stone, richer or simpler in their designs according to the uses of the apartment. The new portions were designed by Mr. Rickman, under the immediate superintendence of the Right Reverend Bishop, to whose intimate acquaintance with architecture is owing the absence of every thing that could offend the most correct and fastidious taste. The square embattled towers rise magnifi-
		Page 99:-
		[magnifi]cently out of the noble forest trees, by which they are partly surrounded and sheltered. The approach is through an old archway covered with ivy. The oaks and Scotch firs are splendid, and with the meadows, the wooded hill, and the distant Fell of Carrick, unite with the castle in producing scenery rarely equalled for amenity and splendour.
	placename:-	Rose Castle
	person:-	: Carlisle, Bishop of
	person:-	: Percy, Hugh, RtRev
	person:-	architect : Rickman, Mr
	date:-	1839
	period:-	19th century, early; 1830s
	old text:-	Camden 1789
		Britannia, or A Chorographical Description of the Flourishing Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland, by William Camden, 1586, translated from the 1607 Latin edition by Richard Gough, published London, 1789.
		Page 174:-
		...
		On the Caude ... is ... a neat castle of the bishops of Carlisle, called The Rose Castle, which also seems to have been CONGAVATA, where the second cohort of the Lergi kept guard; for Congavata signifies in British the valley on the Gavata, now contracted into Caude. But the precise situation of this place I cannot yet point out.
	placename:-	Rose Castle
	other name:-	Congavata
	date:-	1789
	period:-	18th century, late; 1780s
	old text:-	Camden 1789 (Gough Additions)
		Britannia, or A Chorographical Description of the Flourishing Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland, by William Camden, 1586, translated from the 1607 Latin edition by Richard Gough, published London, 1789.
		Page 192:-
		...
		"Rose, a castle of the bishops of Cairluel. Bishop Kight made it very fresh."
		Edward I. lodged in Rose castle during his Scotch expedition; and several of his writs for calling a parliament are dated apud la Rose. From its being embattled by leave of Edward III. it had the name of a castle, and has been the principal mansion-house of the bishops of Carlisle from the first grant of the manor to their see. Bishop Smith added a new tower (as Bishop Bell had done between 1478 and 1496), and by great expence in altering and beautifying made it a very convenient house. It suffered much from the Scots, and was as often repaired, and continued a comfortable habitation till its total demolition in the reign of Charles I. It was burnt in the civil wars by order of col. Heveringham; before which time it consisted of a compleat quadrangle with a fountain in the middle with five, towers besides lesser turrets, and encompassed with a mantle wall with little turrets. The north side contained the constable's tower, the chapel, Bell's tower built by bishop Bell, the bishop's and council-chamber, and a chamber under the latter called Great Paradise, and Strickland's tower, built by bishop Strickland. The east side contained the great dining room, hall and buttery and kitchen: the south side a long gallery leading to the hall and the offices, and the west side Pettinger's tower and offices. Here was another built by bishop Kite. Its ruins were repaired at the Restoration by bishop Sterne, and his successor bishop Rainbow put the house into better condition, and built the chapel. When bishop Rainbow came to the see, no part was habitable except from the chapel south to the end of the old kitchen; all which was supposed to have been built by bishop Kite. Rainbow built the two parlours, chapel, and great staircase. Bishop Sterne had rebuilt the chapel, but bishop Rainbow was obliged to rebuild it. Bishop Fleming wainscoted and floored these and other rooms. Bishop Osbaldiston bullied his executors out of 200£. which he had allowed his lessee of Buley castle c. Westmorland for his interest in the wood sold there, and for damages and springing it again; and cut down wood and timber on the demesne to the amount of many hundred pounds, and made reprisals to the amount of about 350£.; and after this benefit was glad to compound with his successor bishop Lyttelton for 250£. delapidations, which his said successor chose to accept to avoid a long suit. Bishop Lyttelton built a very fine new kitchen, laundry, and brew-house, repaired Strickland tower, and greatly improved the whole house; and besides leaving a minute account in his register, compiled a particular history of it. Notwithstanding the poverty of the see, the bishops lived here antiently in great splendour. In bishop White's rental 1627 the constant houshold was 35 or 36 besides workfolk and strangers.
		Rhôs signifies in British a moist dale or valley.
	placename:-	Rose Castle
	person:-	: Edward I
	person:-	: Edward III
	person:-	: Smith, Bishop; Carlisle, Bishop of
	person:-	: Bell, Bishop; Carlisle, Bishop of
	person:-	: Strickland, Bishop; Carlisle, Bishop of
	person:-	: Kite, Bishop; Carlisle, Bishop of
	person:-	: Sterne, Bishop; Carlisle, Bishop of
	person:-	: Rainbow, Bishop; Carlisle, Bishop of
	person:-	: Fleming, Bishop; Carlisle, Bishop of
	person:-	: Osbaldiston, Bishop; Carlisle, Bishop of
	person:-	: Lyttelton, Bishop; Carlisle, Bishop of
	person:-	: White, Bishop; Carlisle, Bishop of
	person:-	: Scots
	person:-	: Heveringham, Colonel
	date:-	1789
	period:-	18th century, late; 1780s
	event:-	war : Civil War
	old map:-	Bowen and Kitchin 1760
		New Map of the Counties of Cumberland and Westmoreland, scale about 4 miles to 1 inch, Emanuel Bowen and Thomas Kitchin, published by T Bowles, John Bowles and Son, Robert Sayer, and John Tinney, 1760; published 1760-87.
		The Rose Cas. to the Bish. of Carlisle
		circle and line perhaps a flag
	placename:-	Rose Castle, The
	person:-	clergyman : Carlisle, Bishop of
	date:-	1760
	period:-	18th century, late; 1760s
	descriptive text:-	Simpson 1746
		The three volumes of maps and descriptive text published as 'The Agreeable Historian, or the Compleat English Traveller ...', by Samuel Simpson, 1746.
		goto source.
		...
		... upon the Caude, Roso Castle, a beautiful Seat of the Bishop of Carlisle: For this County having been a Frontier, the ancient Houses of the Nobility and Gentry there are, for the most Part, built Castlewise.
	placename:-	Roso Castle
	date:-	1746
	period:-	18th century, early; 1740s
	descriptive text:-	Bowen 1720 (plate 162)
		Road book, Britannia Depicta Or Ogilby Improv'd, including road strip maps with sections in Westmorland, scale about 2 miles to 1 inch, derived from maps by Ogilby, 1675, and a county map of Westmorland, scale about 8 miles to 1 inch, with text by John Owen, published by Emanuel Bowen, London, 1720; published 1720-64.
		The BISHOPRICK of CARLISLE ... Seat Rose Castle in Cumberland.
	date:-	1720
	period:-	18th century, early; 1720s
	old map:-	Morden 1695 (Cmd)
		Maps, Westmorland, scale about 2.5 miles to 1 inch, and Cumberland, scale about 3 miles to 1 inch, by Robert Morden, 1695.
		goto source.
		Rose Castle
		Circle, building with two towers.
	placename:-	Rose Castle
	county:-	Cumberland
	date:-	1695
	period:-	17th century, late; 1690s
	old map:-	Ogilby 1675 (plate 96) -- just possibly relevant
		The turning is a sensible route for Rose Castle, which is important, but the placename is not right.
		Road book, Britannia, strip road maps, with sections in Westmorland and Cumberland etc, scale about 1 inch to 1 mile, by John Ogilby, London, 1675; and a general map of England and Wales.
		goto source.
		In mile 33, Cumberland.
		Turnings right:-
		to Rosdell
	placename:-	Rosdell
	date:-	1675
	period:-	17th century, late; 1670s
	old map:-	Jansson 1646
		Map, Cumbria et Westmoria, or Cumberland and Westmorland, scale about 3.5 miles to 1 inch, by John Jansson, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 1646; published 1646-1724.
		The Rose cast
		Buildings and tower, no flag.
	placename:-	Rose Castle, The
	county:-	Cumberland
	date:-	1646
	period:-	17th century, early; 1640s
	old map:-	Jenner 1643
		Table of distances and map, Westmerland ie Westmorland, now Cumbria, scale about 16 miles to 1 inch, by Thomas Jenner, London, 1643.
		ye rose cast
		circle
	placename:-	Rose Castle, Ye
	date:-	1643
	period:-	17th century, early; 1640s
	old map:-	Speed 1611 (Cmd)
		Maps, The Countie Westmorland and Kendale the Cheif Towne, scale about 3.5 miles to 1 inch, and Cumberland and the Ancient Citie Carlile, scale about 4 miles to 1 inch, by John Speed, London, 1611; published 1611-1770.
		The Rose cast
		circle, buildings, tower
	placename:-	Rose Castle, The
	date:-	1611
	period:-	17th century, early; 1610s
	old map:-	Saxton 1576
		Map, Westmorlandiae et Cumberlandiae Comitatus ie Westmorland and Cumberland, scale about 5 miles to 1 inch, by Christopher Saxton, London, engraved by Augustinus Ryther, 1576; published 1579-1645.
		goto source.
		Building with two towers, symbol for a castle.
		The rose cast
	placename:-	Rose Castle, The
	county:-	Cumberlandia
		castle
	date:-	1576
	period:-	16th century, late; 1570s
	database:-	Listed Buildings 2010 Listed Buildings 2010
		courtesy of English Heritage
		ROSE CASTLE / / / DALSTON / CARLISLE / CUMBRIA / II / 78288 / NY3714646156
		courtesy of English Heritage
		Terrace wall. Probably C18. Large blocks of coursed red sandstone, possibly removed from the medieval castle. Retaining wall built outside of the curtain wall over part of the former moat. Stepped buttresses at regular intervals along a long straight wall on the east side of the garden. Included partly for G.V. with Rose Castle.
	placename:-	Rose Castle
	district:-	Carlisle
		listed building
	coordinates:-	NY37144615
	date:-	2010
	period:-	2010s
	database:-	Listed Buildings 2010 Listed Buildings 2010
		courtesy of English Heritage
		ROSE CASTLE / / / DALSTON / CARLISLE / CUMBRIA / I / 78286 / NY3710846185
		courtesy of English Heritage
		Castle, residence of the Bishop of Carlise. Built on the site of an earlier castle: probably late C13 with licences to crenellate 1336 and 1355: Strickland Tower c1400-1419: 1488 tower for Bishop Bell: 1522-4 tower for Bishop Kite: partly destroyed during the Civil War and repaired by William Heveningham as a private house 1653-5: alterations of 1673-5 for Bishop Rainbow by William Thackery: alterations for Bishop Smith by Thomas Machell: alterations for Bishop Lyttelton 1762-9: extensive alterations and additions for Bishop Percy by Thomas Rickman 1828-31: alterations dated 1955. Chapel: 1489 for Bishop Bell, altered 1660-63 for Bishop Sterne, altered 1673-5 for Bishop Rainbow by William Thackery and further alterations for Bishop Percy, as above. Large blocks of red sandstone on chamfered plinths; string courses and battlemented parapets; slate and lead roofs; tall C19 candlestick chimney stacks. Four 3-storey towers, hall and chapel in L-shape, forming 2 sides of an originally quadrangular shaped castle. Entrance facade: 3-storey entrance tower of 2-bays has pointed entrance and 2-light Gothic windows. Similar lower 2 bays to right are also by Rickman. Remains of C14 inner curtain wall to left now forms rear wall of chapel. Bell's Tower to left, Strickland's Tower to extreme left attached by lowered inner curtain wall. Garden facade in L-shape: right is the chapel, with 2-light windows, larger on upper floor, 3-light east window. Broad buttress projecting from east wall supports C19 open Gothic bellcote. Strickland's Tower to extreme right has external stone steps to first floor entrance. Projecting circular stair turret from first floor continues above parapet. To left: hall with stone mullioned Gothic windows. End wall to left was altered in 1955 with 2-light stone mullioned windows in keeping with the building, dated over entrance. Rear facade: 3-storey Kite's Tower has blocked ground floor entrance and 2-light stone-mullioned windows. Percy's Tower and similar extension to left are by Rickman. See J. Wilson, Rose Castle, 1912; J.F. Curwen, Castles & Towers of Cumberland & Westmorland, 1913, pp227-234; Transactions Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society, old series, ii, pp156-165 and new series, lvi, pp132-141; Transactions of the Ancient Monuments Society, new series, 27, pp61-76. All other associated buildings are listed separately. Outbuildings are of little interest.
	placename:-	Rose Castle
	district:-	Carlisle
		listed building
	coordinates:-	NY37104618
	person:-	clergyman : Carlisle, Bishop of
	date:-	2010
	period:-	2010s
	database:-	Listed Buildings 2010 Listed Buildings 2010
		courtesy of English Heritage
		ROSE CASTLE / / / DALSTON / CARLISLE / CUMBRIA / II[star] / 78289 / NY3712546348
		courtesy of English Heritage
		Former Dovecote. Dated 1700 over entrance. Large blocks of coursed red sandstone (probably from part of the medieval castle) on squared plinth with flush quoins, gable string course; sandstone slate roof with coped gables and kneelers. Small, almost square, 1 1/2 storeys. Chamfered-surround entrance in gable wall, with dated lintel. Small oculi above. Small square opening in opposite gable. Interior has its complete boulins on 3 sides. See Transactions Cumberland & Westmorland Antiquarian & Archaeological Society, old series, ix, p425. Mention of a dovecote in a Parliamentary survey of 1649 may indicate that the building is earlier than the date. Other references refer to the dovecote as having been a watch tower. Has G.V. with Rose Castle.
	district:-	Carlisle
		listed building -- dovecote
	coordinates:-	NY37124634
	date:-	2010
	period:-	2010s
	database:-	Listed Buildings 2010 Listed Buildings 2010
		courtesy of English Heritage
		ROSE CASTLE / / / DALSTON / CARLISLE / CUMBRIA / I / 78285 / NY3711046169
		courtesy of English Heritage
		Curtain walls to Rose Castle. Early C14. Large blocks of coursed red sandstone on chamfered plinth to east and south with north-east wall on segmental vaulted arches. Low wall, formerly surrounding Rose Castle but now interrupted by outbuildings in south-west angle, reduced in height in the early C19 with C19 coping. Remains of a watch tower on the north-east wall. Gateway in the wall is listed separately. Has G.V. with Rose Castle.
	district:-	Carlisle
		listed building
	coordinates:-	NY37114616
	date:-	2010
	period:-	2010s
	database:-	Listed Buildings 2010 Listed Buildings 2010
		courtesy of English Heritage
		GATE WITH FLANKING LODGE AND TOWER, TO NORTH OF ROSE CASTLE / / / DALSTON / CARLISLE / CUMBRIA / I / 78287 / NY3708746239
		courtesy of English Heritage
		Gateway and flanking buildings. Early C16 for Bishop Kite, with mid C18 alterations. Large blocks of red sandstone rubble. Gateway through curtain walls, with remains of Water Tower to left and lodge to right. Large segmental arch with C16 carved stone panel, of rose in quatrefoil and corner shields, above. Pedestrian pointed arch to right. Battlemented parapet. Former tower to left has blocked chamfered-surround entrance which originally gave access to an outer watch tower built over the moat. Wall reduced in height and now gabled. Twin-gabled building to rear is an C18 gardener's storehouse with sandstone slate roofs. Lodge to right is mostly demolished but its outer walls form part of the curtain wall with an angle projection. Probably replaced an earlier drawbridge gatetower referred to in 1479. See, J. Wilson, Rose Castle, 1912, pp85-6. Has G.V. with Rose Castle.
	district:-	Carlisle
		listed building -- gate
	coordinates:-	NY37084623
	date:-	2010
	period:-	2010s
	road book:-	Cary 1798 (2nd edn 1802)
		Road book, Cary's New Itinerary, by John Cary, published by G and J Cary, 86 St James's Street, London, 1798-1828.
		page 321-322
		About 3 Miles on r. of Sebergham is Rose Castle, Bishop of Carlisle.
		page 557-558
		On the l. of Hawksdale is Holm Hill ... beyond which is Rose Castle, Bishop of Carlisle.
	placename:-	Rose Castle
	person:-	: Carlisle, Bishop of
	date:-	1802
	period:-	19th century, early; 1800s
	photocopy	Whitehead 1886:- vol.9 p.254
	Whitehead, H: 1886: Church Bells in Cumberland Ward, part II: TransCWAAS: vol.9: pp.240-268
	old print:-
		Print, uncoloured engraving, The North West View of Rose Castle, Westmorland, about 1769.
		Included in vol.3 p.36 of a set of castle pictures?
		printed at bottom:-
		The North West View of Rose Castle, in the County of Cumberland.
		printed at top left of page:-
		Vol.III pa.36.
	placename:-	Rose Castle
	date:-	1769
	period:-	18th century, late
	old print:-
		Print, uncoloured engraving, North West View of Rose Castle, Cumberland, published late 18th century?
		printed at bottom:-
		North West View of ROSE-CASTLE, in the County of Cumberland.
	placename:-	Rose Castle
	date:-	1780=1799
	period:-	18th century, late
	old print:-
		Print, uncoloured engraving, Rose Castle, Cumberland, drawn by Nutter snr, engraved by W Banks and Son, Edinburgh, published by T W Arthur, Carlisle, Cumberland, 1840s-50s?
		printed at bottom left, right, centre:-
		Nutter, Senr. / W. Banks & Son, Edinr. / ROSE CASTLE, / The Seat of the Lord Bishop of Carlisle. / Published by T. W. Arthur, Carlisle.
	placename:-	Rose Castle
	date:-	1840=1859
	period:-	19th century, early
	old print:-
		Print, uncoloured engraving, View of Rose Castle, Cumberland, late 18th century?
		printed at top right:-
		V.II. P.190.
		printed at bottom:-
		A View of Rose Castle in Cumberland the seat of the Bishop of Carlisle
	placename:-	Rose Castle
	person:-	: Carlisle, Bishop of
	date:-	1780=1799
	period:-	18th century, late
	old print:-	Lowther 1780s-90s
		Scrapbook, 4 volumes, of descriptive texts, maps, and prints of views and coats of arms, for Westmorland and Cumberland, assembled by a member of the Lowther Family, late 18th early 19th century.
		Print, engraving, North West View of Rose Castle, Dalston, Cumbria, late 18th century.
	date:-	1760=1799
	period:-	18th century, late
	hearsay	Pele built about 1300; another tower from 15th century. The episcopal palace of the Bishop of Carlisle.
	Old Cumbria Gazetteer - JandMN: 2008

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